Blood and urine thallium concentrations can differ significantly, with blood samples more reflective of recent exposure, and urine samples (and hair, which Vibrant does not offer) more effective for biomonitoring of exposure to thallium.
If the patient does not have occupational exposure to thallium, rule out recent smoking or vaping exposure before blood testing, as thallium in cigarettes and vaping may account for thallium elevation in blood samples.
For more information on thallium biomonitoring, see: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0241223
