To enhance understanding of the temporal kinetics of myeloperoxidase (MPO), MPO is an enzyme that plays a key role in the body's immune response, particularly in the activity of neutrophils (a type of white blood cell). MPO is considered an "acute phase reactant". The kinetics of MPO levels during acute infection, illness, or injury involve several stages:
- Initial Rise:
- Acute Phase: MPO levels can rise rapidly in response to acute infection, illness, or injury. This initial increase can be observed within hours of the onset of the triggering event. The exact timing can vary depending on the severity and nature of the condition.
- Peak Levels:
- Peak: MPO levels typically peak within 24 to 48 hours after the onset of an acute event. During this period, neutrophil activation and the subsequent release of MPO into the bloodstream are at their highest.
- Return to Baseline:
- Decline: Following the peak, MPO levels begin to decline as the acute phase response resolves. The return to baseline levels can take several days to a week, depending on the resolution of the infection, illness, or injury, and the individual's overall health and immune response.
In conclusion, MPO levels rise within hours of acute infection, illness, or injury, peak in 24-48 hours, and return to baseline over several days to a week.
Clinical pearl: Rule out episode(s) of binge drinking around the date of service, particularly around holidays, as binge drinking can lead to acute inflammation and oxidative stress, which activates neutrophils and subsequently increases MPO levels.
